Chuck.



G. R. RICH.

CHUCK.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 5, 1910.

1,065,274, Patented June 17, 1913.

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III b 26 gig] Gear-'7? 791th.

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G. R. RICH.

CHUCK.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 5, 1910.

1,065,274, Patented June 17, 1913.

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GEORGE E. RICH, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO RICH TOOL C0,, OFCHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

CHUCK.

Application filed November 5, 1910.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Gnonen R. Rrorr, a citizen of the United States,residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Chucks, of which thefollowing is a specification.

This invention relates to chucks designed and more especially adaptedfor holding drills, reamers and the like and relates more particularlyto the means for holding tools within the chuck.

One object of the present invention is to provide a cheap, simple andeiiicient means for locking the tool.

Another object is to form said locking members so that said members maybe readily removed and replaced if they become worn or broken.

Another object is to provide means for holding the tool in the chuck bymeans of jaws that engage in a tool having longitudinally extendinggrooves.

Another object resides in mounting the jaws in the chuck in such amanner that they tend to swing apart when not under compression, thuspermitting the easy insertion and withdrawal of the tool.

Another object is to provide a chuck whose jaws engage in substantiallyV- shaped grooves of a tool which construction permits said aws to gripsaid tool with an equal pressure on each side thereof and at the sametime causes the tool to be centered absolutely with respect to thechuck.

Another obj ectis to provide movable looking members so formed andmounted as to' permit only of compression inwardly, and that soregulated as to prevent the possi bility of saidmembers being displacedfrom their mountings by traveling too far either inwardly or outwardly;and a further object of this invention resides in the means for grippingthe tool which permits the use of tools of almost any formation of head,it being merely necessary for said head to be formed with a groove.

The invention further consists in the features of construction andcombination of parts hereinafter described and claimed.

In the drawings Figure 1 is a side elevation of the chuck of the presentinvention, showing a tool inserted therein; Fig. 2 a longitudinalsection of the chuck showing the jaws in gripping position against theSpecification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 17, 1913.

Serial No. 590,840.

tool; Fig. 3 a side elevation with the shank of the chuck partiallybroken away to show the seats in which the jaws are mounted; Fig. 4shows an end view of the parts shown in Fig. 3 showing more particularlythe T- shaped slots in which the upper ends of the aws rest; Fig. 5 aside elevation of the shank showing the T-shaped slots therein; Fig. 6 across-section on lines 66 of Fig. 2 looking in the direction of thearrows; 7 a front view of one of the jaws; Fig. 8 a side elevation of aslightly modified form of the chuck showing a tool inserted therein;Fig. 9 a longitudinal section of Fig. 8 showing the jaws in grippingposition against the tool; Fig. 10 a side elevation of the shank of theform of chuck shown in Fig. 8 showing the T-shaped slots therein; Fig.11 an end view of the shank shown in Fig. 10; Fig. 12 an end view of atool of a form adapted to be held in the chuck; and Fig. 13 an end viewof the form of jaws shown in Fig. 9.

The chuck as a whole comprises a head 1% adapted to be attached to aspindle 15 of a drilling machine of any ordinary and well known type.Since the present invention does not concern itself with drill pressesan illustration and description of the same is not deemed necessaryhere, but it is to be understood, of course, that this chuck is adaptedto be used with any type of drill press. The head 14 has a shank 16 ofreduced diameter having an externally screwthreaded surface adapted toreceive a sleeve 17 having an internally screw threaded surface; theshank 16 of the chuck has at its lower extremity T-shaped slots 18 asbest shown in Figs. 3 and 4:; said slots are located diametricallyopposite one another and terminate in an interior chamber 19 formedcentrally in the shank. Shoulders 20 are formed in the slots 18 adjacentthe inner chamber 19 and extend outwardly along the lower ed 'e of theslots as at 21, adapted to support thereon corresponding shoulders 22 ofthe jaws 23; the shoulders 22 are positioned at the head of the jaws 2-3along its outer face; because of this location of the shoulders 22 onthe jaws 23 the preponderance of weight on said aw is forward of saidshoulders, and the resulting tendency is that said jaws swing apart fromeach other at their lower ends by the action of gravity. The onlymovement of the shoulders 22 of said jaws in the T-slot 18 is on theshoulders 21 and this movement is limited outwardly by the sleeve 17 andinwardly by the shoulders 20 so when a tool has been withdrawn from thechuck no displacement of the jaws can occur. The threaded sleeve 17which is con nected to the shank 16 of the head 1% has on its lowerportion of its inner wall a tapered surface 2% adapted to engage withthe outer surface of the jaws 23. As this sleeve is moved up upon theshank 16 the tapered surface 24: engages with the jaws 23. The taperingsurface during this operation is ctmtinually presenting a smallercircumference to the outside of the jaws with the result that said jawsare forced inward against the tool 25 and tighten their grip thereon.Likewise when the sleeve 17 be ins its downward movement, upon the shank16 the small circumference of the tapered surface which has beenabutting against the jaws 23 is increasing continually thereby allowingthe jaws to loosen their hold upon the tool and by the action of gravityalready explained before to swing outwardly as far as the circumferenceof the sleeve permits. The tool 25, here shown as a drill, is providedat its upper end 26 with longitudinally extending grooves 27 preferablyas shown, substantially V-shaped in cross section in which seat the jaws23 thus forming a positive lock against any rotary movement between saidjaws, independent of the rotary movement of the tool 25. hen the tool isplaced in the chuck itis guided between the jaws 23 which on account oftheir V- shaped formation and the corresponding grooves 27 in the toolautomatically centers said tool in the chuck. The manner in which thejaws 23 take their hold upon the tool and impartto it rotation is ofspecial importance. \Vhichever way the drill press may rotate the jawsare engaging exactly the same in the grooved head of the tool; at leasttwo faces of the aws, that is one face of each jaw is in close contactwith its corresponding face of the V-shaped grooves 27 in the head oftool. The rotating force as imparted to the tool therefore is equal fromtwo directions, that is it is imparted directly from two faces of thejaws to two faces of the grooves in the tool and is not dependent uponthe tightness with which jaws are gripping the tool. At the same timeadditional clutching power is secured by a tight hold of tool by saidaws. Inasmuch as the tapering surface 24 on the interior of the sleeve17 which compresses the jaws against the tool is always equidistant fromthe center of the tool, it follows that a tight compression of the jawsby said sleeve against said tool will result in an absolute centering ofsaid tool with respect to the chuck.

I claim:

In a chuck, the combination of a head provided with a lower central boreand with oppositely disposed slots extending from the outer surface ofsaid head to said here, said slots being of increasing area from apointadjacent the inner termini to the outer edge thereof giving aT-shaped formation to such area and providing vertical and horizontalshoulders in said T-shaped portion, a jaw for each of said slots formedto provide a T-shaped head at the upper end thereof, the horizontalportion of said head being cut away to provide thin oppositely disposedouter shoulders, said shoulders resting againstthe horizontal shouldersin said slots when the parts are assembled producing an edge-likeengagement between the jaws and chuck, the mass of weight of said jawslying to the inside of said point of engagement, whereby the jaws tendnormally to swing outwardly, surfaces on the jaws for engaging the tool,and means for forcing and retaining the jaws in engagement with thetool, substantially as described.

GEORGE 1%. HIGH. lVitnesses Ernnanr EARNING, amara BANNING.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.

